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Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005) - Greenland (2004)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005) z Greenland (2004)

 Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005)Greenland (2004)
 Saint Pierre and MiquelonGreenland
Administrative divisions none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order 3 districts (landsdele); Avannaa (Nordgronland), Tunu (Ostgronland), Kitaa (Vestgronland)


note: there are 18 municipalities in Greenland
Age structure 0-14 years: 24% (male 861/female 825)


15-64 years: 65.3% (male 2,330/female 2,251)


65 years and over: 10.6% (male 335/female 410) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 25.5% (male 7,344; female 7,029)


15-64 years: 68.5% (male 20,894; female 17,715)


65 years and over: 6% (male 1,585; female 1,817) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish forage crops, garden and greenhouse vegetables; sheep, reindeer; fish
Airports 2 (2004 est.) 14 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area total: 242 sq km


land: 242 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
total: 2,166,086 sq km


land: 2,166,086 sq km (410,449 sq km ice-free, 1,755,637 sq km ice-covered) (2000 est.)
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than three times the size of Texas
Background First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. The world's largest island, Greenland is about 81% ice-capped. Vikings reached the island in the 10th century from Iceland; Danish colonization began in the 18th century and Greenland was made an integral part of Denmark in 1953. It joined the European Community (now the European Union) with Denmark in 1973 but withdrew in 1985 over a dispute over stringent fishing quotas. Greenland was granted self-government in 1979 by the Danish parliament. The law went into effect the following year. Denmark continues to exercise control of Greenland's foreign affairs.
Birth rate 13.83 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 15.96 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $70 million


expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $646 million


expenditures: $629 million, including capital expenditures of $85 million (1999)
Capital Saint-Pierre Nuuk (Godthab)
Climate cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy arctic to subarctic; cool summers, cold winters
Coastline 120 km 44,087 km
Constitution 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) 5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon


conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon


local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon


local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Greenland


local long form: none


local short form: Kalaallit Nunaat
Currency - Danish krone (DKK) is the official legal tender.
Death rate 6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $NA $25 million (1999)
Dependency status self-governing territorial collectivity of France part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark since 1979
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territorial collectivity of France) none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territorial collectivity of France) none (self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark)
Disputes - international none uncontested dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and Greenland
Economic aid - recipient approximately $60 million in annual grants from France $380 million subsidy from Denmark (1997)
Economy - overview The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector. The economy remains critically dependent on exports of fish and substantial support from the Danish Government, which supplies about half of government revenues. The public sector, including publicly-owned enterprises and the municipalities, plays the dominant role in the economy. Despite several interesting hydrocarbon and minerals exploration activities, it will take several years before production can materialize. Tourism is the only sector offering any near-term potential, and even this is limited due to a short season and high costs.
Electricity - consumption 40.06 million kWh (2002) 227.9 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 43.08 million kWh (2002) 245 million kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Gunnbjorn 3,700 m
Environment - current issues recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment protection of the arctic environment; preservation of the Inuit traditional way of life, including whaling and seal hunting
Ethnic groups Basques and Bretons (French fishermen) Greenlander 88% (Inuit and Greenland-born whites), Danish and others 12% (January 2000)
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000) Danish kroner per US dollar - 6.5877 (2003), 7.8947 (2002), 8.323 (2001), 8.083 (2000), 6.976 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005)


head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II of Denmark (since 14 January 1972), represented by High Commissioner Peter LAURITEEN (since NA 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Hans ENOKSEN (since 14 December 2002)


cabinet: Home Rule Government is elected by the Parliament (Landstinget) on the basis of the strength of parties


elections: the monarchy is hereditary; high commissioner appointed by the monarch; prime minister is elected by Parliament (usually the leader of the majority party); election last held 3 December 2002 (next to be held December 2006)


election results: Hans ENOKSEN elected prime minister


note: government coalition - Siumut and Inuit Ataqatigiit
Exports NA NA (2001)
Exports - commodities fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts fish and fish products 94% (prawns 63%)
Exports - partners Belgium 41.3%, US 19.9%, Spain 14.9%, France 10%, Germany 4.1% (2004) Denmark 64.7%, Japan 14.2%, China 4.4% (2003)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a large disk slightly to the hoist side of center - the top half of the disk is red, the bottom half is white
GDP - purchasing power parity - $1.1 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $20,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA% 1.8% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 46 50 N, 56 20 W 72 00 N, 40 00 W
Geography - note vegetation scanty dominates North Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe; sparse population confined to small settlements along coast, but close to one-quarter of the population lives in the capital, Nuuk; world's second largest ice cap
Highways total: 114 km


paved: 69 km


unpaved: 45 km
total: NA (there are no roads between towns) (2003)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports NA NA (2001)
Imports - commodities meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, petroleum products
Imports - partners France 37.6%, Canada 25.3%, Ireland 25.2%, Italy 5.1% (2004) Denmark 82.6%, Norway 7.5%, Sweden 3.5% (2003)
Independence none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763) none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates in international agreements relating to Greenland)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA
Industries fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism fish processing (mainly shrimp and Greenland halibut), handicrafts, hides and skins, small shipyards, mining
Infant mortality rate total: 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.66 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 16.31 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 17.62 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 14.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.1% (1991-96 average) 1.6% (1999 est.)
International organization participation UPU, WFTU NC, NIB, UPU
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel High Court or Landsret (appeals can be made to the Ostre Landsret or Eastern Division of the High Court or Supreme Court in Copenhagen)
Labor force 3,261 (1999) 24,500 (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 13.04%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 86.96% (2001)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
Languages French (official) Greenlandic (East Inuit), Danish, English
Legal system French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation Danish
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5


note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1
unicameral Parliament or Landstinget (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held on 3 December 2002 (next to be held by NA December 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - Siumut 28.7%, Inuit Ataqatigiit 25.5%, Atassut Party 20.4%, Demokratiit 15.6%, Katusseqatigiit 5.3%; seats by party - Siumut 10, Inuit Ataqatigiit 8, Atassut 7, Demokratiit 5, Katusseqatigiit 1


note: two representatives were elected to the Danish Parliament or Folketing on 20 November 2001 (next to be held 8 February 2005); percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Siumut 1, Inuit Ataqatigiit 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 78.46 years


male: 76.13 years


female: 80.9 years (2005 est.)
total population: 69.32 years


male: 65.75 years


female: 72.98 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99%


male: 99%


female: 99% (1982 est.)
definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA


note: similar to Denmark proper
Location Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada) Northern North America, island between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada
Map references North America Arctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 3 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm or agreed boundaries or median line
Merchant marine - total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,593 GRT/3,640 DWT


by type: cargo 2, passenger 1


foreign-owned: Denmark 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of Denmark
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) June 21 (longest day)
Nationality noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)


adjective: French
noun: Greenlander(s)


adjective: Greenlandic
Natural hazards persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island
Natural resources fish, deepwater ports coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, molybdenum, gold, platinum, uranium, fish, seals, whales, hydropower, possible oil and gas
Net migration rate -4.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -8.37 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders Left Radical Party or PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA] Atassut Party (Solidarity, a conservative party favoring continuing close relations with Denmark) [Augusta SALLING]; Demokratiit [Per BERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood, a leftist party favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than home rule) [Josef MOTZFELDT]; Issituup (Polar Party) [Nicolai HEINRICH]; Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List, an independent right-of-center party with no official platform [leader NA]; Siumut (Forward Party, a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandic identity and greater autonomy from Denmark) [Hans ENOKSEN]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 7,012 (July 2005 est.) 56,384 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate 0.21% (2005 est.) -0.01% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Saint-Pierre Aasiaat (Egedesminde), Ilulissat (Jakobshavn), Kangerlussuaq, Nanortalik, Narsarsuaq, Nuuk (Godthab), Qaqortoq (Julianehab), Sisimiut (Holsteinsborg), Tasiilaq
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 5, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions Roman Catholic 99% Evangelical Lutheran
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.18 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female


total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: NA


international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
general assessment: adequate domestic and international service provided by satellite, cables and microwave radio relay; totally digitalized in 1995


domestic: microwave radio relay and satellite


international: country code - 299; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 2 Americom GE-2 (all Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 4,800 (2002) 26,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1994) 16,747 (2001)
Television broadcast stations 0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997) 1 publicly-owned station, some local low-power stations, and three AFRTS (US Air Force) stations (1997)
Terrain mostly barren rock flat to gradually sloping icecap covers all but a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast
Total fertility rate 2.03 children born/woman (2005 est.) 2.42 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.8% (1997) 10% (2000 est.)
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